177 research outputs found
Large Language and Text-to-3D Models for Engineering Design Optimization
The current advances in generative AI for learning large neural network
models with the capability to produce essays, images, music and even 3D assets
from text prompts create opportunities for a manifold of disciplines. In the
present paper, we study the potential of deep text-to-3D models in the
engineering domain, with focus on the chances and challenges when integrating
and interacting with 3D assets in computational simulation-based design
optimization. In contrast to traditional design optimization of 3D geometries
that often searches for the optimum designs using numerical representations,
such as B-Spline surface or deformation parameters in vehicle aerodynamic
optimization, natural language challenges the optimization framework by
requiring a different interpretation of variation operators while at the same
time may ease and motivate the human user interaction. Here, we propose and
realize a fully automated evolutionary design optimization framework using
Shap-E, a recently published text-to-3D asset network by OpenAI, in the context
of aerodynamic vehicle optimization. For representing text prompts in the
evolutionary optimization, we evaluate (a) a bag-of-words approach based on
prompt templates and Wordnet samples, and (b) a tokenisation approach based on
prompt templates and the byte pair encoding method from GPT4. Our main findings
from the optimizations indicate that, first, it is important to ensure that the
designs generated from prompts are within the object class of application, i.e.
diverse and novel designs need to be realistic, and, second, that more research
is required to develop methods where the strength of text prompt variations and
the resulting variations of the 3D designs share causal relations to some
degree to improve the optimization.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figures, IEEE conference templat
Vector Field Embryogeny
We present a novel approach toward evolving artificial embryogenies, which omits the graph representation of gene regulatory networks and directly shapes the dynamics of a system, i.e., its phase space. We show the feasibility of the approach by evolving cellular differentiation, a basic feature of both biological and artificial development. We demonstrate how a spatial hierarchy formulation can be integrated into the framework and investigate the evolution of a hierarchical system. Finally, we show how the framework allows the investigation of allometry, a biological phenomenon, and its role for evolution. We find that direct evolution of allometric change, i.e., the evolutionary adaptation of the speed of system states on transient trajectories in phase space, is advantageous for a cellular differentiation task
Combining model-based and genetics-based offspring generation for multi-objective optimization using a convergence criterion
Abstract — In our previous work [1], it has been shown that the performance of evolutionary multi-objective algorithms can be greatly enhanced if the regularity in the distribution of Pareto-optimal solutions is taken advantage using a probabilistic model. This paper suggests a new hybrid multi-objective evolutionary algorithm by introducing a convergence based criterion to determine when the model-based method and when the genetics-based method should be used to generate offspring in each generation. The basic idea is that the genetics-based method, i.e., crossover and mutation, should be used when the population is far away from the Pareto front and no obvious regularity in population distribution can be observed. When the population moves towards the Pareto front, the distribution of the individuals will show increasing regularity and in this case, the model-based method should be used to generate offspring. The proposed hybrid method is verified on widely used test problems and our simulation results show that the method is effective in achieving Pareto-optimal solutions compared to two state-of-the-art evolutionary multi-objective algorithms: NSGA-II and SPEA2, and our pervious method in [1]. I
What are dynamic optimization problems?
Dynamic Optimization Problems (DOPs) have been widely studied using Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs). Yet, a clear and rigorous definition of DOPs is lacking in the Evolutionary Dynamic Optimization (EDO) community. In this paper, we propose a unified definition of DOPs based on the idea of multiple-decision-making discussed in the Reinforcement Learning (RL) community. We draw a connection between EDO and RL by arguing that both of them are studying DOPs according to our definition of DOPs. We point out that existing EDO or RL research has been mainly focused on some types of DOPs. A conceptualized benchmark problem, which is aimed at the systematic study of various DOPs, is then developed. Some interesting experimental studies on the benchmark reveal that EDO and RL methods are specialized in certain types of DOPs and more importantly new algorithms for DOPs can be developed by combining the strength of both EDO and RL methods
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